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| Semester | spring semester 2022 |
| Course frequency | Once only |
| Lecturers | Özhan Kapici (oezhan.kapici@unibas.ch, Assessor) |
| Content | This course covers the transformation of Ottoman diplomacy from the unilateral (ad-hoc) to permanent institutional diplomacy. The first part of the course will shed light on the Ottoman diplomatic mind inherited from the law of Islamic war-making and peace-making and its particular implementations with various Muslim and Christian states. The decision-making process, the structure of the Ottoman diplomatic institution, parameters and perimeters of Ottoman foreign policy will be explained under the case studies. The second part of the course includes adapting modern international law and diplomacy into Ottoman Empire during the eastern crises of the 18th and 19th centuries. The formation of Ottoman diplomatic networks abroad and the transformation of the Ottoman diplomatic institutions from the 18th century will also evaluate during the subsequent sessions. |
| Learning objectives | By the end of the course, students will - explain the origins of the international order in the Middle East - be acquainted with Islamic law of war and peace makings within the context of Ottoman diplomacy - consider the impact of Ottoman foreign policy on the international state system in the Near East - recognize the adaptation of modern international law and diplomatic institutions into the Middle East - evaluate the parameters and perimeters of Ottoman diplomacy - -gain insight into the crucial events in the history of Ottoman relations with Europe, Asia, Russia, and other parts of the world |
| Bibliography | ABOU-EL-HAJ, Rifa’at Ali, “Ottoman Attitudes Toward Peace Making: The Carlowitz Case”, Der Islam, vol.51 (1974), pp.131-137. ADANIR, Fikret. “Turkey’s entry into the Concert of Europe”, European Review, vol.13, No.3 (2005), pp.395-417. ÁGOSTON, Gàbor, “Information, ideology, and limits of imperial policy: Ottoman grand strategy in the context of Ottoman-Habsburg rivalry” in The Early Modern Ottomans: Remapping the Empire, (eds. Virginia Aksan & Daniel Goffman), Cambridge University Press, 2007, pp.75-103. ARI, Bülent. “Early Ottoman Diplomacy: Ad Hoc Period”, Ottoman Diplomacy: Conventional or Unconventional?, (ed. A. Nuri Yurdusev), New York: Palgrave Macmillan 2004, pp.36-65. AKSAKAL, Mustafa. The Ottoman Road to War in 1914: The Ottoman Empire and the First World War, (Chapter 3: The Ottomans within the International Order), Cambridge University Press, 2008. BACQUÉ-GRAMMONT, Jean-Louis. Les Ottomans, Les Safavides et Leurs Voisins, Contribution à L'histoire des Relations Internationales dans l'Orient Islamique de 1514 à 1524. Istanbul: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1987. DAVISON, Roderic. “Ottoman Diplomacy and its Legacy”, , in Imperial Legacy: The Ottoman Imprint on the Balkans and the Middle East, (ed. L.Carl Brown), Columbia University Press, 1996. ENCYLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, (Second Edition), entries: ʿAhd, Dar al-Harb, Dar al-Islam, Dar al-Ahd, Djihad, Elci, Muʿāhede, Imtiyāzāt, Sulh. (https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2) FAROQHI, Suraiya. The Ottoman Empire and the World Around it, I.B.Tauris, 2005 (Chapter 1: Introduction: “Determining the parameters of Ottoman ‘foreign policy’: some general consideration"). FINDLEY, Carter V. “The Foundation of the Ottoman Foreign Ministry”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol.3 No.4 (1972), pp.388-416. GOFFMAN, Daniel. “Negotiating with the Renaissance state: the Ottoman Empire and the new diplomacy?”, The Early Modern Ottomans: Remapping the Empire, (eds. Virginia Aksan & Daniel Goffman), Cambridge University Press, 2007, pp.75-103. HUREWITZ, J.C. “The Europeanization of Ottoman Diplomacy: The Conversion from Unilateralism to Reciprocity in the Nineteenth Century,” Belleten, Vol. XXV, No.99 (1961), pp.455-466. HUREWİTZ, J.C. “Ottoman Diplomacy and the European State System”, Middle East Journal, vol.15, No.2 (1961), 141-152. KHADDURI, Madjid. War and Peace in the Law of Islam, John Hopkins University Press, 1955. KÜRKÇÜOĞLU, Ömer. “The adoption and use of permanent diplomacy’ in Ottoman Diplomacy: Conventional or Unconventional?, (ed. A. Nuri Yurdusev), New York: Palgrave Macmillan 2004, pp.131-150 NAFF, Thomas. “Ottoman Diplomatic Relations with Europe in the Eighteenth Century: Patterns and Trends”, in Studies in 18th Century Islamic History, (ed. Thomas Naff-Roger Owen), Southern Illionis University Press, 1977, pp.88-107. NAFF, Thomas. “Reform and Conduct of Ottoman Diplomacy in the Reign of Selim III, 1789-1807”, Journal of the American Oriental Studies, vol.83, 1963, pp. 295-315. RODOGNO, Davide. Against Massacre: Humanitarian Interventions in the Ottoman Empire, 1815-1914, Emergence of a European Concept and International Practice, Princeton University Press, 2015 (Chapter 2). SMIYLEY, Will. From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law, Oxford University Press, 2018 (Part 3: From the Law of Ransom to the Law of Release, pp.61-79; Part 10: Humanitarian Law, pp.213-231). TURAN, Namık Sinan. İmparatorluk ve Diplomasi: Osmanlı Diplomasisinin İzinde, İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2014 (Part V and VI). VEINSTEIN, Gilles. “Les fondements juridiques de la diplomatie ottomane en Europe», Oriente Moderno, vol.88, No.2 (2008), pp.509-522 YASAMEE, F.A.K., Ottoman Diplomacy: Abdülhamid and the Great Powers, 1878-1888, Istanbul: The Isis Press, 1996. YEŞİL, Fatih. “The Transformation of the Ottoman Diplomatic Mind: The Emergence of Licensed Espionage”, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes , 2011, Vol. 101 (2011), pp. 467-479. YURDUSEV, A. Nuri, “The Ottoman Attitude toward Diplomacy,” Ottoman Diplomacy: Conventional or Unconventional?, ed. A.Nuri Yurdusev, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. pp.5-35. |
| Language of instruction | English |
| Use of digital media | No specific media used |
| Interval | Weekday | Time | Room |
|---|---|---|---|
| wöchentlich | Thursday | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz - |
| Date | Time | Room |
|---|---|---|
| Thursday 24.02.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 03.03.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 10.03.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | Fasnachtsferien |
| Thursday 17.03.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 24.03.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 31.03.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 07.04.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 14.04.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | Ostern |
| Thursday 21.04.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 28.04.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 05.05.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 12.05.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 19.05.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Thursday 26.05.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | Auffahrt |
| Thursday 02.06.2022 | 14.15-16.00 | - Online Präsenz -, -- |
| Modules |
Modul: Fortgeschrittene Nahoststudien (Bachelor's degree subject: Near & Middle Eastern Studies) Modul: Themen der Near & Middle Eastern Studies (Master's degree subject: Near & Middle Eastern Studies) Module: Conflicts and Peacebuilding (Master's degree program: Changing Societies: Migration – Conflicts – Resources) |
| Assessment format | continuous assessment |
| Assessment details | Completion of a paper or writing an essay and presentation. Regular and active participation. Regular reading of the texts (related chapters of references). |
| Assessment registration/deregistration | Reg.: course registration; dereg.: not required |
| Repeat examination | no repeat examination |
| Scale | Pass / Fail |
| Repeated registration | no repetition |
| Responsible faculty | Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, studadmin-philhist@unibas.ch |
| Offered by | Fachbereich Nahost-Studien |